Ana Molina-Barcel\u00f3 et al. en su art\u00edculo \u2018Informed participation in the Valencian Community Colorectal Cancer Screening Programme from a gender perspective\u2019 analizan las desigualdades de g\u00e9nero existentes en la tasa de participaci\u00f3n en el programa de cribado de c\u00e1ncer colorrectal de la Comunidad Valenciana. Encuentran que la adhesi\u00f3n al programa por parte de las mujeres es superior a la de los hombres. Tambi\u00e9n es mayor su nivel de conocimientos sobre factores de riesgo y s\u00edntomas o sobre los riesgos y beneficios asociados al programa de cribado. Esta mayor adherencia de las mujeres al programa es consistente con otros programas tanto a nivel nacional como internacional. Sin embargo parece que esta mayor tasa de participaci\u00f3n no se acompa\u00f1a de una mayor efectividad del programa en las mujeres.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Diversos estudios1,2<\/sup> encuentran diferencias importantes en el rendimiento de la prueba de cribado con una mayor sensibilidad en los hombres. Tanto la sensibilidad del test de cribado como la global del test m\u00e1s el diagn\u00f3stico de confirmaci\u00f3n combinados han resultado superiores en hombres.\u00a0 Para el conjunto de la poblaci\u00f3n\u00a0 diana se dan cifras de sensibilidad del programa similares en ambos sexos probablemente gracias a una mayor adherencia por parte de las mujeres3<\/sup>.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00bfPor qu\u00e9 se producen m\u00e1s falsos negativos entre las mujeres que entre los hombres? Caracter\u00edsticas tumorales, anat\u00f3micas y fisiol\u00f3gicas podr\u00edan estar detr\u00e1s de estas diferencias4<\/sup>. En el caso del test de sangre oculta en heces las diferencias pueden encontrarse en un mayor tama\u00f1o de las lesiones en los hombres, menor tiempo de tr\u00e1nsito col\u00f3nico en mujeres con la consiguiente mayor degradaci\u00f3n de la hemoglobina o tambi\u00e9n se ha atribuido a diferente distribuci\u00f3n anat\u00f3mica de los tumores. Por otro lado, determinadas caracter\u00edsticas anat\u00f3micas en mujeres pueden dificultar la detecci\u00f3n de los tumores en las colonoscopias.\u00a0 En las mujeres el colon es m\u00e1s estrecho y el transverso m\u00e1s largo y en consecuencia m\u00e1s colonoscopias incompletas. Tambi\u00e9n se ha sugerido mayor frecuencia de neoplasias planas a diferencia de los hombres en los que predominan las de tipo p\u00f3lipo.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Estas evidencias sugieren que el cribado de c\u00e1ncer colorrectal en las mujeres necesita mayor atenci\u00f3n y que se deben monitorizar las diferencias entre sexos. Las diferentes caracter\u00edsticas de los tumores as\u00ed como de la anatom\u00eda y fisiolog\u00eda del colon implican la necesidad de implementar t\u00e9cnicas y dispositivos endosc\u00f3picos espec\u00edficos para cada sexo.<\/p>\n Autora: Cristina Sarasqueta. Biodonostia. Instituto de Investigacion en Salud. Hospital Universitario de Donostia, Donostia<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n \u00ad\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad\u00ad_________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n <\/p>\n 1<\/sup>Brenner H et al. Sex differences in performance of fecal occult blood testing. Am J Gastroenterol 2010 Nov; 105(11):2457-64.<\/p>\n 2<\/sup>Moss SM et al. Performance measures in three rounds of the English bowel cancer screening pilot. Gut 2012;61:101-107.<\/p>\n 3<\/sup>Malila N et al. Test, episode, and programme sensitivities of screening for colorectal cancer as a public health policy in Finland: experimental design. BMJ 2008;337:a2261.<\/p>\n 4<\/sup>Kim SE et al. Sex and gender specific disparities in colorectal cancer risk. World J Gastroenterol 2015 May 7; 21(17):5167-5175.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Ana Molina-Barcel\u00f3 et al. en su art\u00edculo \u2018Informed participation in the Valencian Community Colorectal Cancer Screening Programme from a gender perspective\u2019 analizan las desigualdades de g\u00e9nero existentes en la tasa de participaci\u00f3n en el programa de cribado de c\u00e1ncer colorrectal de la Comunidad Valenciana. Encuentran que la adhesi\u00f3n al programa por parte de las mujeres […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":908,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-390","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog-de-invitados"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.campusgacetaeasp.es\/bloginvitado\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/390","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.campusgacetaeasp.es\/bloginvitado\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.campusgacetaeasp.es\/bloginvitado\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.campusgacetaeasp.es\/bloginvitado\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.campusgacetaeasp.es\/bloginvitado\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=390"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.campusgacetaeasp.es\/bloginvitado\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/390\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":394,"href":"https:\/\/www.campusgacetaeasp.es\/bloginvitado\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/390\/revisions\/394"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.campusgacetaeasp.es\/bloginvitado\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/908"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.campusgacetaeasp.es\/bloginvitado\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=390"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.campusgacetaeasp.es\/bloginvitado\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=390"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.campusgacetaeasp.es\/bloginvitado\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=390"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}